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• n_px, n_sx and n_ix are the pump, signal and idler vector magnitudes n (a function of the pump frequency or the phase matching properties of a nonlinear optical crystal) respectively identified with the subscripts p, s and i followed by an x or y representing the coordinate axis.

• θ_si can be measured as the polarization angle of quantum entangled X-rays at the degenerate frequency of a maximal Bell state. As an angle θ_si=3.26239 rad ± 2 μrad; as a momentum θ_si=3.26239030392(48) kg m s^-1 and with respect to the Target Frame, θ_si has no units. The relation of angle and mass is mathematically demonstrated, as well, by No-Ping Chen, et. al.
• l_f, m_f and t_f are the fundamental measures, more precise expressions for Planck’s units – length, mass, and time – that consider the effects of length contraction associated with discrete measure.
• Q_L is the fractional portion of a count of l_f when engaging in a more precise calculation.
• n_Lr describes the count of l_f representative of the position of an observable with respect to the frame of a center of mass.
• c is the speed of light which may also be written as c=n_Ll_f/n_Tt_f=299,792,458 m/s such that n_L=n_T=1 is physically significant.
• G is the gravitational constant, 6.6740779428(56) 10^-11m³kg^-1s^-2 such that its value considers the effects of length contraction associated with discrete measure at the upper count limit. Italicized G identifies a measure not at the limit (e.g., G=6.6738448362(53) 10^-11m³kg^-1s^-2 at the blackbody demarcation).
• r is the distance between an observer and a target.

[10] S. Shwartz and S. E. Harris, Polarization Entangled Photons at X-Ray Energies, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 080501 (2011), arXiv: 1012.3499, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.080501.

[13] S. Shwartz, R. N. Coffee, J. M. Feldkamp, et. al., X-ray Parametric Down-Conversion in the Langevin Regime, Physical Review Letters, 109, 013602 (July 6, 2012), http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.013602.

[14] T. E. Glover et al., X-ray and optical wave mixing, Nature, 488, 7413, 603–608 (2012), http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11340.

[15] NIST: CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2018, (May 2019), https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/wall_2018.pdf, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010.

The fundamental constant θ_si is new to modern physics, a measure that when considered with respect to the fundamental expression l_fm_f=2θ_sit_f can be used to resolve expressions and values for the physical constants. Importantly, all phenomena can be described using counts of the fundamental measures, θ_si and/or some combination of the fundamental measures: l_f for length, m_f for mass and t_f for time.

While θ_si can be understood as the momentum of a phenomenon, we call to the reader's attention that θ_si also describes an angle. As resolved by Shwartz and Harris, θ_si can be measured as the angle of polarization for X-rays in a given Bell state at their degenerate frequency, specifically the maximum angle of that measure. Modeled values matching measurment are presented in their 2011 paper, Polarization Entangled Photons at X-ray Energies.

Examples of expressions written using only the fundamental measures include Einstein’s expression for energy, E=2θ_sic; Hubble’s constant when defined with respect to the radius of the universe, H_U=2θ_si; Newton’s constant of gravitation G=c³l_f/2θ_si and the reduced Planck constant ħ=2θ_sil_f.

Lastly, we bring to the reader's attention that the fundamental constant is applicable and fixed for all frames of reference. But, its units are a function of the frame and approach to its measure. This is in part because the fundamental constant θ_si is a composite of the fundamental measures. Depending on the frame of reference, θ_si can have units of momentum, angular measure or no units at all. That is, θ_si's dimensional qualities are a function of the frame of reference.

The most common units for θ_si are that of momentum; its definition a function of the Measurement Frame of the observer. If the frame of reference is that of the universe, θ_si will carry no units. This follows in that the universe has no external reference. And in specific situations when describing quantum phenomena, θ_si can be used to describe an angle. This we describe above with respect to experiments carried out by Shwartz, et. al.